NeuroDash

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acute — tier 3 — brain injury

The missing bone flap — mobilizing a trephined skull

Patient56M, acute phase
Injuryacute subdural haematoma evacuated; decompressive craniectomy for refractory intracranial pressure
SeverityWorst GCS 7
Days since injury6
Before the injuryIndependent. Bus driver, ex-smoker, no previous neurology.
Also on the chartHypertension, on treatment
PrecautionsSkull defect — helmet for all upright activity; no head-dependent positioning; No Valsalva or straining through transfers — coach the breath; Left-sided weakness emerging — fall risk on standing

Test yourself

How is he mobilized with the skull open?

The teaching

Decompressive craniectomy buys survival by removing the wall, and rehabilitation then runs with the wall missing: helmet for every upright minute, no dependent head-down positioning, no straining, and a stop rule tied to neurological change. Reconstruction is not the end of the story but a chapter of it — early cranioplasty is associated with greater improvement. What you do with it: mobilize protected and graded, treat the flap as a window you read every session, and push the timeline toward the bone going back.

  • A bulging flap, a newly sunken flap with symptoms, or deepening drowsiness — escalate the same hour
  • Any unprotected upright time — the helmet is part of the prescription, not an accessory

Read next

The full sequence

This page carries the case’s first decision. The full sequence — every decision, the examination by domain, and the debrief that grades you — is in the drill, and the library is included with membership.

Sources on this page: Hutchinson PJ et al. Trial of decompressive craniectomy for traumatic intracranial hypertension (RESCUEicp). N Engl J Med. 2016. Carney N et al. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury, fourth edition. Neurosurgery. 2017 · Malcolm JG et al. Early cranioplasty is associated with greater neurological improvement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurgery. 2018. Hutchinson PJ et al. Trial of decompressive craniectomy for traumatic intracranial hypertension (RESCUEicp). N Engl J Med. 2016 · Carney N et al. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury, fourth edition. Neurosurgery. 2017. Malcolm JG et al. Early cranioplasty is associated with greater neurological improvement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurgery. 2018